A series can only have one list with an index, whereas a dataframe can have one or more series. To put it another way:

A series is a one-dimensional array that can hold any type of data (including integers, strings, floats, etc.). The axis labels are the index in a series.

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A dataframe is a two-dimensional data structure with columns that can hold various types of data. It's similar to a SQL table or a series object dictionary.