Novel Drug Delivery System (NDDS) refers to the formulations, systems to transport pharmaceutical compound in the body, and approaches needed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. NDDS is a method of medication delivery that differs from traditional drug delivery systems. It combines cutting-edge methods with novel dosage formulations that outperform traditional dose forms. Novel drug delivery systems have a number of benefits, including effective use of pricey medications, lower production costs, better patient outcomes, and increased comfort and standard of living.

Emergence of Novel Drug Delivery System (NDDS):

As hydrophilic gels were being evaluated for biological usage in humans in the early 1960s, everything started. After thorough research, the experts determined that gels based on glycolmethacrylate were safe for human usage. Following rigorous study, it was determined that they could be utilised as fillers in the eye after the eye had been removed (enucleation). Although not being a drug delivery mechanism in and of itself, the glycolmethacrylate-based material encouraged scientists to consider the potential applications of synthetic goods for human usage. 1 A Harvard Medical School study from 1966 described how anaesthetic substances including ether, nitrous oxide, halothane, and cyclopropane pass through silicone rubber, opening up new possibilities for revolutionary drug delivery systems2.

Applications of Novel Drug Delivery System (NDDS):

The evolution of delivery systems over the last decades have helped in the development of advanced treatment options. Therefore, they are used in many therapeutic segments, some of which are discussed here.

Ophthalmic drug delivery: Examples of technology used for ophthalmic delivery include nanoparticles, nanosuspensions, and dendrimers, which are colloidal carriers. These technologies provide prolonged drug release, help lower dose frequency, and boost bioavailability4.

Colon targeted drug delivery: Nanoparticles, CODESTM, the PulsincapTM system, and other proprietary technologies are only a handful of the several methods employed for colon-targeted drug delivery. The intestinal pH and microbial flora are used by the CODESTM system to regulate the drug's release. While the PulsincapTM system releases the medication when it comes into contact with the dissolving fluid via a swellable hydrogel plug. These methods enhance the drug's solubility and absorption.

Pulmonary drug delivery: Various delivery options for localised targeting of pulmonary ailments such as, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, have emerged. Here, particles such as micelles, dendrimers, nanoparticles etc are used in form of Metered Dose Inhalers and Dry Powder Inhalers for effective drug delivery6.

Oncology: Apart from other chronic ailments, novel drug delivery systems have also been found useful in management of one of the most dreaded disease-cancer. Albumin bound Paclitaxel nanoparticles, PEGylated or STEALTH liposomal doxorubicin, microsphere bound leuprolide, are some examples of carrier bound drugs used in oncology7. These systems help with long acting release of drugs and hence, are used for treatment of metastatic breast cancer, AIDs related Kaposi’s sarcoma and tumours of the prostate, ovary, brain, liver and others. They are not only being used as a mainstay therapy for cancer but are also in use for adjuvant and neo-adjuvant purposes for better tumour management.

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